General Computer Organization
Module G02c
Why do computers have parts?
Because they have specialized functions...
-
Following instructions
-
Storing instructions in a place where they are quickly accessible
-
Deciding what to do next, based on conditional instructions
-
Taking information in
-
Doing arithmetic
-
Storing information while working on it
-
Storing information and instructions in computer-readable form
-
Sending information out
The major parts of any computer:
-
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
-
Follows instructions, coordinates other parts of computer
Like a manager working in an office with his/her office equipment...
-
Arithmetic-Logic Unit (ALU)
-
Arithmetic
Number-comparison (which is larger) = "logic"
Logic makes computer decision-making possible
A bit like the desk calculator of the manager, but with "decision-making"
power.
-
Random Access Memory (RAM)
-
Store any information temporarily while working on it
Like the manager's desktop.
-
Read-Only Memory (ROM)
-
Store program instructions permanently
Like the phone list many people keep under clear plastic on their
desktop.
-
Auxiliary Storage
-
Store instructions and information as long as needed
Like a filing cabinet or bookshelf.
-
Input devices
-
Get information to the computer
Like the phone or incoming mail.
-
Output devices
-
Return information to people
Like the phone or outgoing mail
How they fit together
General picture: true for all computers
Audience:
The is for people who want to learn the basics of computers. No previous
background is expected.
Objectives
When you successfully complete this lesson, you will be able to...
-
Identify by name the parts of a computer used by the beginning user;
-
Recognize terms for the basic actions associated with using personal computers;
-
Recognize terms necessary to build further conceptual understanding of
computers.
About this document...
Module G02c: General Computer Organization
-
Author:
-
Laurence
J. Krieg
-
Institution:
-
Department
of Computer Information Systems,
Washtenaw
Community College
-
Date:
-
Original 26 Jan 1988
Revised with HTML: 30 April 1996; review link 5 Feb 1999
Review: 
G02cr